PENERAPAN AJARAN DEELNEMING DALAM TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana bentuk penerapan Deelneming terhadap perkara tindak pidana korupsi dalam praktik dan bagaimana batas – batas pertanggung jawaban ajaran Deelneming terhadap perkara tindak pidana korupsi dalam praktik, di mana dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hokum normatif disimpulkan bahwa: 1. Penerapan ajaran Deelneming atau penyertaan, hal ini diatur dalam pasal 55 sampai dengan pasal 62 KUHP pidana: pada prinsipnya yang dapat dipidana karna perbuatan perbuatan tindak pidana kepada mereka yang melakukan menturuh melakukan, turut serta melakukan perbuatan dan mereka mengajukan perbuatan, dalam tindak pidana korupsi tidak jarang bagi pelaku – pelakunya terhindar dari ajaran Deelneming ( penyertaan), banyak terlihat korupsi berjamaah, (suami dan istri,anak) atau (satu lembaga/satu instansi) dari bentuk – bentuk ajaran Deelneming terhadap perbuatan tindak pudana korupsi yang dapat / pasti diancam pidana. 2. Pertanggung jawaban ajaran Deelneming (penyertaan) tindak pidana korupsi antara lain pelaku menyuruh melakukan dan menggerakkan atau menganjurkan , ada tiga perbedaan prinsip. Pertama Doenplegen harus tetap dikecualikan dari penidanaan. Sedangkan orang yang digerakkan atau dianjurkan melkukan perbuatan pidana dapat dimintakan pertanggung jawaban pidana. Kedua  upaya dalam uitlokking bersifat limiatif sementara dalam doenplegen dapan digunakan sarana apa pun. Ketiga uit lokken atau orang menggerakkan atau menganjurkan tidak mungkin mewujudkan semua unsure yang ada dalam rumusan delik.Kata kunci: korupsi, deelnemin

L'investigazione antincendio sugli aspetti strutturali: una proposta di codifica

Lo scopo di questo articolo è quello di esporre una metodologia codificata di Structural Fire Investigation (Investigazione sugli aspetti strutturali in caso di incendio) atta ad individuare le cause scatenanti, pregresse e latenti, che hanno determinato l’evento accidentale. L’iter investigativo, associato a determinate operazioni strutturali e forensi che partono dalla raccolta delle informazioni iniziali al repertamento e controllo documentale per poi completarsi con le verifiche computazionali, sicuramente aiuta a determinare, in maniera rigorosa, le cause e l’origine di un incendio. La modellazione degli incendi con il software del NIST, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) e l’analisi strutturale con vari codici di calcolo, permettono di verificare determinate ipotesi maturate durante il repertamento e di avvalorare scientificamente l’analisi semiotica rilevata sulla scena, fornendo dati forensi utili in fase dibattimentale. Quindi un’attività investigativa pianificata, permette a qualsiasi utente, (VV.F., personale delle Forze dell’Ordine, Consulente, Perito, CTU o Libero Professionista), di svolgere indagini in maniera appropriata secondo una linea guida che permette di non tralasciare controlli a volte rilevanti per la stesura della documentazione complessiva in forma di report finale

Consultation in soft tissue pathology: critical view of a consultant

OBJECTIVE: The authors reviewed 500 cases of mesenchymal lesions from the private consultation files of one of them (F. E.) to evaluate the adequacy of sending of consultations by referring pathologists. METHODOLOGY: The information contained in the documents requesting the consultation as well as the material sent were evaluated. RESULTS: It was observed that in high percentage of cases, there is absence of important information in the request such as: name of the patient, gross appearance of the lesion; depth of the lesion; clinical, surgical and pertinent laboratorial information; diagnosis of the referring pathologist and questions and doubts made by the referring pathologist. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the referring pathologists could improve significantly the submission of the cases. To achieve this goal the authors propose a series of items in the form of a checklist to be verified by the referring pathologist when a case will be sent in consultation.OBJETIVOS: Os autores revisaram 500 casos de lesões mesenquimais do arquivo de consultas da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília enviados a um deles (F. E., patologista consultor) para avaliar a adequabilidade do envio de consultas. PROCEDIMENTOS: Foram avaliadas as informações contidas nos documentos que solicitavam as consultas, bem como o tipo de material enviado. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que há alto percentual de ausência de informações importantes, tais como nome do paciente, aspecto macroscópico da lesão, localização da lesão quanto à profundidade, informações clínicas, cirúrgicas e de exames complementares pertinentes, hipótese diagnóstica do patologista consultante e formulação de questões, dúvidas pelo mesmo. CONCLUSÕES: Concluiu-se que os patologistas consultantes podem melhorar muito a adequação do envio de suas consultas, e para tanto os autores propõem uma série de itens a serem transmitidos ao consultor, por ocasião do envio da consulta, para que esta possa ser realizada da melhor maneira possível, com real benefício para os pacientes.Faculdade de Medicina de Marília Serviço de Anatomia Patológica e CitopatologiaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PatologiaUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PatologiaSciEL

Preparation and Characterization of Master Alloys Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2 Metallic Glasses

The purpose of this work is the characterization of a master alloy of metal glass based on iron Fe48Cr15Mo14C15B6Y2. Two types of alloys studied B1 which has been prepared by the use of pure element and the other B2 which has been prepared by the use of raw materials. The thermal and structural properties of the samples are measured by a combination of high temperature differential scanning calorimeter (HTDSC), X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical compositions are checked by energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis.Fil: Bendjemil, Badis. University of Badji -Mokhtar; Argelia. Faculty of Sciences and Technology; ArgeliaFil: Seghairi, Nassima. Faculty of Sciences and Technology; ArgeliaFil: Lavorato, Gabriel Carlos. Dipa rtimento di Chimica Universita' di Torino; Italia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área Investigaciones y Aplicaciones no Nucleares; ArgentinaFil: Castellero, Alberto. Dipa rtimento di Chimica Universita' di Torino; ItaliaFil: Bougdira, Jamal. Université de Nancy, Faculté des Sciences et. Techniques; FranciaFil: Vinai, Franco. Instituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica; ItaliaFil: Baricco, Marcello. Dipa rtimento di Chimica Universita' di Torino; Itali

In memoriam: Professor-doutor Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro (1923-2005)

Universidade de São Paulo Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinalUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

The Euro-Mediterranean partnership: a participatory demonstration project to fight desertification in Morocco and Tunisia

A participatory demonstration project on desertification mitigation and rural development has been launched in Northern Africa under SMAP Programme (Short and Medium-term priority environmental Action Programme) financed by the European Union. The project, whose title is "Demonstration Project on Strategies to Combct Desertification in Arid Lands with Direct Involvement of Local Agro-pastoral Communities in North Ajrica ". is carried out in sensitive regions in Morocco and Tunisia with the coordination of the NRD of the University of Sassari (Italy) and the partnership of the Agriculture Ministries of Morocco and Tunisia. The project involves restoration of vegetation cover with drought resistant perennial forage species (Opunti, Atriplex, Acaci, etc.) in highly degraded Rangelands, to mitigate desertification processes and to improve rangelands productivity. The areas are located in regions characterised by rural poverty, food dependency and land abandoning: here urgent measures are needed to promote optimisation of resource management in view of a sustainable development. This is a concrete demonstration project supported by the direct involvement of local communities. Successful actions already carried out in this field by the participants of the project as well as by other Mediterranean Countries. has been taken into Account, re-elaborated and exploited thus promoting South / South co-operation and exchange of knowledge. Participation of all actors and especially of local communities is the key point in all the phases of the project and is strengthened by means of dissemination and sensitisation campaigns and by training courses. Only if, at the end of the project, all actors will own/share all choices made and the technology used, will interventions be "sustainable"

Efeitos das etapas de tratamento e processamento do tecido na PCR para detecção de Mycobacterium tuberculosis em amostras fixadas em formalina e incluídas em parafina

Development and standardization of reliable methods for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples is an important goal in laboratories throughout the world. In this work, lung and spleen fragments from a patient who died with the diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis were used to evaluate the influence of the type of fixative as well as the fixation and paraffin inclusion protocols on PCR performance in paraffin embedded specimens. Tissue fragments were fixed for four h to 48 h, using either 10% non-buffered or 10% buffered formalin, and embedded in pure paraffin or paraffin mixed with bee wax. Specimens were submitted to PCR for amplification of the human beta-actin gene and separately for amplification of the insertion sequence IS6110, specific from the M. tuberculosis complex. Amplification of the beta-actin gene was positive in all samples. No amplicons were generated by PCR-IS6110 when lung tissue fragments were fixed using 10% non-buffered formalin and were embedded in paraffin containing bee wax. In conclusion, combined inhibitory factors interfere in the detection of M. tuberculosis in stored material. It is important to control these inhibitory factors in order to implement molecular diagnosis in pathology laboratories.O desenvolvimento e a padronização de métodos confiáveis para a detecção de Mycobacterium tuberculosis em amostras clínicas é um objetivo importante nos laboratórios de todo o mundo. Neste trabalho, fragmentos de pulmão e baço de paciente que morreu com o diagnóstico de tuberculose miliar foram usados para avaliar a influência do tipo de fixador e dos protocolos de fixação e inclusão em parafina na performance da PCR. Fragmentos de tecido foram fixados por quatro h a 48 h, usando formalina não tamponada a 10% ou formalina tamponada a 10% e incluídos em parafina pura ou misturada a cera de abelha. As amostras foram submetidas a PCR para amplificação do gene da beta-actina humana e, separadamente, para amplificação da sequência de inserção IS6110, específica do complexo M. tuberculosis. O resultado da amplificação do gene da beta-actina foi positivo em todas as amostras. Não foram gerados amplicons na PCR-IS6110 em amostras de tecido pulmonar fixadas usando formalina não tamponada a 10% e incluídas em parafina com cera de abelha. Em conclusão, fatores inibitórios combinados interferiram na detecção de M. tuberculosis em material de arquivo. É importante controlar estes fatores inibitórios para poder implementar o diagnóstico molecular em laboratórios de patologia